Cats Are Obligate Carnivores
Unlike dogs, cats are strict obligate carnivores — they require nutrients found only in animal tissue. They need taurine (an amino acid not found in plants), arachidonic acid, preformed vitamin A, and high levels of protein. Their digestive systems are shorter and lack the enzymes to efficiently process carbohydrates. This fundamental biology should drive every feeding decision.
Wet vs. Dry Food
Most veterinary nutritionists recommend wet food as the primary diet. Cats evolved in arid environments and have a low thirst drive — they’re designed to get most of their water from food. Wet food is typically 75-80% moisture, closely matching the water content of prey. Cats on all-dry diets often live in a state of mild chronic dehydration, which stresses the kidneys over time.
Reading Labels
The first ingredient should be a named animal protein (chicken, turkey, salmon — not “meat by-products”). Protein content should be 40%+ on a dry-matter basis. Avoid foods where carbohydrate fillers (corn, wheat, soy) appear in the first five ingredients. The AAFCO statement on the label tells you whether the food is formulated for the correct life stage — kittens, adults, or all life stages.
How Much and How Often
Most adult cats need 200-300 calories per day, depending on size and activity level. Follow the feeding guidelines on the food package as a starting point, then adjust based on body condition. Ideally, feed two or more measured meals per day rather than free-feeding, which contributes to obesity. Indoor cats are especially prone to overeating out of boredom.
Common Nutrition Mistakes
Feeding dog food to cats is dangerous — it lacks taurine. Raw diets carry bacterial risks without proven benefits over commercial food. Milk causes digestive upset in most adult cats (they lose lactase after weaning). Supplementing a balanced commercial diet with extra vitamins can actually cause toxicity. If your cat is eating a quality food and maintaining healthy weight, simplicity is your friend.